Prevalence and Patterns of Gender-based Violence and Revictimization among Women Attending Antenatal Clinics in Soweto, South Africa

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Gender-based violence is a key health risk for women globally and in South Africa. The authors analyzed data
from 1,395 interviews with women attending antenatal clinics in Soweto, South Africa, between November 2001
and April 2002 to estimate the prevalence of physical/sexual partner violence (55.5%), adult sexual assault by
nonpartners (7.9%), child sexual assault (8.0%), and forced first intercourse (7.3%). Age at first experience of
each type of violence was modeled by the Kaplan-Meier method, and Cox hazard models with time-varying
covariates were used to explore whether child sexual assault and forced first intercourse were associated with
risk of violent revictimization in adulthood. Child sexual assault was associated with increased risk of physical
and/or sexual partner violence (risk ratio = 2.43, 95% confidence interval: 1.93, 3.06) and with adult sexual
assault by a nonpartner (risk ratio = 2.33, 95% confidence interval: 1.40, 3.89). Forced first intercourse was
associated with increased risk of physical and/or sexual partner violence (risk ratio = 2.64, 95% confidence
interval: 2.07, 3.38) and nonsignificantly with adult sexual assault by a nonpartner (risk ratio = 2.14, 95%
confidence interval: 0.92, 4.98). This study confirms the need for increased attention by the public health
community to primary and secondary prevention of gender-based violence, with a specific need to reduce risk
among South African adolescents.

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: ., 2004

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Language

English

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Subject(s)

Child abuse
Domestic violence
Women
South Africa
violence
Rape
Gender-based Violence
Risk Factors

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Article

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